epithets 是 epithet 的复数,常指(带有描述性或评价性的)称号、绰号、修饰语。既可以是褒义的赞称(如“swift-footed Achilles”),也可以是贬义的辱称(如带侮辱性的骂名)。
/ˈɛpɪθɛts/
She was known by many epithets, but “the Iron Lady” was the most famous.
她有许多称号,但“铁娘子”最为著名。
In the poem, the hero accumulates epithets that both celebrate his courage and hint at his pride.
在这首诗中,英雄获得一连串称号,既赞美他的勇敢,也暗示他的傲慢。
epithet 源自希腊语 epítheton,本义是“加上去的(词)”,由 **epi-**(在……之上、附加)+ tithenai(放置)构成。最初多用于修辞与文学中,指“附加的形容性称谓”;后来也常用来指带强烈情绪色彩的称呼,尤其是侮辱性的骂名。